Uniform Code of Military Justice
Article 2. Persons Subject to the Code.
(a) The following persons are subject to this Code:
(i) members of the armed forces serving on active duty;
(ii) members of a reserve component while performing active duty, active duty for training, inactive duty training, or another period of military service during which the member is subject to military authority;
(iii) cadets and midshipmen enrolled in a federal service academy or another military training program placing the person in a military status subject to this Code;
(iv) persons lawfully retained in military custody while serving a sentence imposed by court-martial;
(v) prisoners of war and persons lawfully held as enemy belligerents to the extent military jurisdiction over such persons is authorized by law; and
(vi) persons who committed an offense while subject to this Code and remain subject to military jurisdiction over that offense notwithstanding a later change in military status.
(b) A person is not subject to this Code solely because the person is employed by the United States, performs work under contract with the United States, accompanies members of the armed forces, or is present upon military property unless that person independently falls within a category expressly made subject to this Code.